Which oxidizer is most commonly used in high power composite solid rocket motors?

Ammonium Perchlorate is the most commonly used oxidizer in high power composite solid rocket motors due to its favorable performance characteristics. It provides a high energy output and is stable under a variety of conditions, making it suitable for various applications in rocketry. The compound has a high specific impulse, which translates into better thrust-to-weight ratios, contributing to more efficient rocket performance.

In addition to its energetic properties, Ammonium Perchlorate is relatively easy to process within composite propellant formulations, allowing for a consistent burn rate and predictable performance. These qualities are essential in high power rocketry, where safety and reliability are paramount.

Other oxidizers mentioned, while they have their applications in different types of propellants, do not match the efficiency and effectiveness of Ammonium Perchlorate in high power settings. For example, Ammonium Nitrate is primarily used in lower-energy applications or for amateur rocketry, while Potassium Nitrate is often found in black powder formulations and is less efficient for high performance rockets. Additionally, Calcium Chlorate lacks the necessary energy density and stability compared to Ammonium Perchlorate, making it less favored in high power rocketry.